>>763 >>1

日本では（林羅山と林家を重用した）朝鮮朱子学カルトの徳川幕府によって明治維新まで士農工商や奴婢等の
差別階級を持つ身分差別主義が蔓延っていたが英国やフランスでは早い段階で平民レベルでの自由化（農奴制の廃止等）が行われていた

>ヨーロッパ中世の荘園では農奴がいなければ貴族は干上がった
>まさに今の日本はそうなりつつある
>必要なのは農奴

荘園制度はローマ法に遡るためキリスト教以前から存在する

英国ではserfdomはワット・タイラーの反乱（1381年）によって大方廃止され14世紀には無効
プロテスタントのエリザベス１世時代（1574年）に廃止（実定上は1500年まで）

フランスのノルマンディー（ノルマン征服をした地域）では11世紀に廃止
フランスでは1315年に廃止
ドイツでは教会領地が自由都市となっていく現象があったため、各都市によって異なる

リューベック法（1188年）
マクデブルク法（10世紀）
クルム法（1233年）

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/都市権 (オランダ)

自由
個人の自由：都市以外の住民と比べて（相対的に）、主君から干渉されず、移動の自由が保証される

自治
自治権：一部の善良な市民は、都市の官僚として取り立てられた
司法及び立法権：市域内において広範な自主立法及び司法権の行使が認められた
課税権

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_serfdom

In Western Europe serfdom became progressively less common through the Middle Ages, particularly after the Black Death
reduced the rural population and increased the bargaining power of workers. Furthermore, the lords of many manors were
willing (for payment) to manumit ("release") their serfs.

In Normandy, serfdom had disappeared by 1100.[4] Two possible causes of the disappearance of serfdom in Normandy have
been proposed: (1) it might have been implemented to attract peasants to a Normandy depopulated by the Viking invasions
or (2) it might be a result of the peasants' revolt of 996 in Normandy.

In England, the end of serfdom began with the Peasants' Revolt in 1381. It had largely died out in England by 1500 as a personal
status and was fully ended when Elizabeth I freed the last remaining serfs in 1574.[5] Land held by serf tenure (unless enfranchised)
continued to be held by what was thenceforth known as a copyhold tenancy, which was not completely abolished until 1925
(although it was whittled away during the 19th and early 20th centuries). There were native-born Scottish serfs until 1799, when
coal miners who were kept in serfdom gained emancipation. However, most Scottish serfs had already been freed.

Serfdom was de facto ended in France by Philip IV, Louis X (1315), and Philip V (1318).[5][6] With the exception of a few
isolated cases, serfdom had ceased to exist in France by the 15th century.